And (With Nouns)

Korean has multiple ways to say "and" with nouns: -(이)랑 - Casual, spoken Korean • 이랑 after consonant: 친구랑 • 랑 after vowel: 엄마랑 • Most common in everyday speech -와/과 - Formal, written Korean • 과 after consonant: 책과 펜 • 와 after vowel: 커피와 빵 • Used in writing, news, formal speech -하고 - Neutral, versatile • Same form after both: 친구하고, 엄마하고 • Can also mean "with" (같이 하고) All three mean the same thing - choose based on formality!